Centro de Fisiología y Medicina de Altura

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https://repositorioabierto.uantof.cl/handle/uantof/502

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Examinando Centro de Fisiología y Medicina de Altura por Autor "Andrade, D.C."

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    Ítem
    Inhibition of Brainstem Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Rescues Cardiorespiratory Dysfunction in High Output Heart Failure
    (2021) Díaz, H.S.; Andrade, D.C.; Toledo, C.; Schwarz, K.G.; Pereyra, K.V.; Díaz-Jara, E.; Marcus. N.J.; Del Rio, R.
    Recent evidence shows that chronic activation of catecholaminergic neurons of the rostral ventrolateral medulla is crucial in promoting autonomic imbalance and cardiorespiratory dysfunction in high output heart failure (HF). Brainstem endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is known to promote cardiovascular dysfunction; however, no studies have addressed the potential role of brainstem ERS in cardiorespiratory dysfunction in high output HF. In this study, we assessed the presence of brainstem ERS and its potential role in cardiorespiratory dysfunction in an experimental model of HF induced by volume overload. High output HF was surgically induced via creation of an arterio-venous fistula in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an inhibitor of ERS, or vehicle was administered intracerebroventricularly for 4 weeks post-HF induction. Compared with vehicle treatment, TUDCA improved cardiac autonomic balance (LFHRV/HFHRV ratio, 3.02±0.29 versus 1.14±0.24), reduced cardiac arrhythmia incidence (141.5±26.7 versus 35.67±12.5 events/h), and reduced abnormal respiratory patterns (Apneas: 11.83±2.26 versus 4.33±1.80 events/h). TUDCA administration (HF+Veh versus HF+TUDCA, P<0.05) attenuated cardiac hypertrophy (HW/BW 4.4±0.3 versus 4.0±0.1 mg/g) and diastolic dysfunction. Analysis of rostral ventrolateral medulla gene expression confirmed the presence of ERS, inflammation, and activation of renin-angiotensin system pathways in high output HF and showed that TUDCA treatment completely abolished ERS and ERS-related signaling. Taken together, these results support the notion that ERS plays a role in cardiorespiratory dysfunction in high output HF and more importantly that reducing brain ERS with TUDCA treatment has a potent salutary effect on cardiac function in this model.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: A systematic review with meta-analysis
    (2021) Sole, S.; Ramírez-Campillo, R.; Andrade, D.C.; Sanchez-Sanchez, J.
    Background: The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to explore the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on the physical fitness of individual sport athletes (ISA). Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we searched through PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS electronic databases. We included controlled studies that incorporated a PJT intervention among ISA (with no restriction for age or sex), that included a pre-to-post intervention assessment of physical fitness (e.g., sprint; jump). From the included studies, relevant data (e.g., PJT and participants characteristics) was extracted. We assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using the PEDro scale. Using a random-effects model, meta-analyses for a given outcome was conducted. Means and standard deviations for a measure of pre-post-intervention physical fitness from the PJT and control groups were converted to Hedges’ g effect size (ES). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. The risk of bias was explored using the extended Egger’s test. The statistical significance threshold was set at p < 0.05. Moderator analyses were conducted according to the sex, age and sport background of the athletes. Results: Twenty-six studies of moderate-high methodological quality were included (total participants, n = 667). Compared to controls, PJT improved vertical jump (ES = 0.49; p < 0.001; I = 0.0%), linear sprint (ES = 0.23; p = 0.032; I2 = 10.9%), maximal strength (ES = 0.50; p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%) and endurance performance (ES = 0.30; p = 0.028; I2 = 11.1%). No significant effect was noted for sprint with change of direction (ES = 0.34; p = 0.205; I2 = 70.9%). Athlete’s sex, age and sport background had no modulator role on the effect of PJT on vertical jump, linear sprint, maximal strength and endurance performance. Among the included studies, none reported adverse effects related to the PJT intervention. Conclusions: PJT induces small improvements on ISA physical fitness, including jumping, sprinting speed, strength and endurance.