Environmental Stability Drives and Maintains the Global Patterns of Phylogenetic Endemism in the Marine Realm

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dc.contributor.authorRivera, Reinaldo
dc.contributor.authorGonzalez, Carolina E
dc.contributor.authorHidalgo, Pamela
dc.contributor.authorUrbina, Mauricio A
dc.contributor.authorEscribano, Ruben
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-28T02:20:42Z
dc.date.available2026-08-28T02:20:42Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractAim: Endemism is a critical aspect of biological diversity, yet the mechanisms driving it remain unclear. The leading hypoth-esis posits that prolonged environmental stability fosters speciation and reduces extinction rates, promoting endemism. Whileterrestrial studies exist, marine environments remain underexplored. This study analysed the global distribution and drivers ofphylogenetic endemism in two marine taxa: Calanidae copepods and Blenniidae fish.Location: Global.Time Period: From the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, past 24,000 years) to the current period.Taxa: Calanidae copepods and Blenniidae fish.Methods: We assessed taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity, endemism and areas of paleo- and neo-endemism usingCategorical Analysis of Neo- and Paleo-Endemism and Piecewise Structural Equation Modelling to evaluate the influence ofpresent-day and historical environmental variables.Results: Results showed consistent diversity patterns and significant endemism hotspots, with Calanidae in the SouthernHemisphere and Blenniidae in the Northern Hemisphere. Tropical regions, particularly the Indonesian-Australian Archipelago(IAA), exhibited high species richness and endemism for both groups. Paleo- endemism was observed in the Pacific for Calanidaeand the IAA for Blenniidae, suggesting that these areas are either relict diversity centres or diversification hubs.Main Conclusions: The Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas emerged as biodiversity cradles for Calanidae and Blenniidae re-spectively. Phylogenetic endemism is driven by both historical and contemporary factors, with centres of endemism emergingin regions where past environmental fluctuations have been moderate (hypothesis 1) and where cold, productive ocean currentsfoster the development of endemic areas (hypothesis 2). These findings underscore the importance of historical stability in oceantemperatures in shaping phylogenetic endemism, indicating that long-term environmental stability sustains marine endemism
dc.description.sponsorshipANID SIA [85250065]; ANID FONDECYT [11250355, 11250446]; Millennium Institute of Oceanography [AIM23-0003]
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/jbi.70084
dc.identifier.issn0305-0270
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioabierto.uantof.cl/handle/uantof/749
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.urihttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70084?getft_integrator=clarivate&src=getftr&utm_source=clarivate
dc.rights© 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
dc.sourceJournal of Biogeography
dc.subjectenvironmental stability
dc.subjectmarine biodiversity
dc.subjectpaleo- and neo-endemism
dc.subjectphylogenetic endemism
dc.subjectspeciation
dc.titleEnvironmental Stability Drives and Maintains the Global Patterns of Phylogenetic Endemism in the Marine Realm
dc.typeArticle
oaire.citation.volume52
oaire.citationIssue12
organization.identifier.rorhttps://ror.org/04eyc6d95
organization.legalNameUniversidad de Antofagasta
uantof.identificator.facultyFacultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos
uantof.identificator.instituteInstituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt
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