Epibiotic bacterial community composition varies during different developmental stages of Octopus mimus: Study of cultivable representatives and their secondary metabolite production
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2024
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Marine microbial communities colonizing the skin of invertebrates constitute the primary barrier
between host and environment, potentially exerting beneficial, neutral, or detrimental
effects on host fitness. To evaluate the potential contribution of epibiotic bacteria to the survival
of early developmental stages of Octopus mimus, bacterial isolates were obtained
from eggs, paralarvae, and adults. Their enzymatic activities were determined, and antibacterial
properties were assessed against common marine pathogens. The isolates belonged
to the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota, and Bacillota, represented by 21
genera and 27 species. Specific taxa were associated with each developmental stage, with
only three species shared among different stages: Bacillus pumilus, B. megaterium, and
Shewanella algae, which also inhibited the growth of all assayed pathogens. Organic
extracts from Bacillus megaterium M8-1 were obtained, and UHPLC-MS analysis detected
seventeen putative compounds, including two phenolic acids, three indole derivatives, and
twelve oxylipins. Our findings provide novel data on cultivable bacterial representatives isolated
from Octopus mimus capable of synthesizing chemical compounds with bioactive
properties. These results contribute to a better understanding of the role of microbial communities
in the survival of this invertebrate species during critical early life stages.